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双adsl链路冗余互备及流量分担的实现转自:http://www.iuiuiu.com/plog/post/1/29经过一周的摸索,实现了双adsl链路冗余互备及流量分担,整理如下: 目的:实现双adsl的冗余热备和流量分担功能: 双adsl同时连线; 当两条adsl同时连线时,流量经策略路由分流到两条链路上; 当其中一条adsl掉线时,所有流量自动分配另一条可用连接; 可以扩展到多条ppp连接.1.添加网卡 插入网卡,启动机器,修改/etc/modules.conf并加入 alias eth2 driver.o 2.配置adsl拨号 通过adsl-setup程序创建ppp0和ppp1的拨号配置文件,并保存配置。 修改/etc/sysconfig/network-script/ifcfg-ppp*文件,将其中的PIDFILE参数设为: PIDFILE=/var/run/ppp-adsl*.pid 其中*对应0、1等 如果不修改此参数将无法启动第二个ppp接口。 3.启动ppp接口 因为adsl-start 命令缺省只能启动第一的ppp接口。所以要启动两个接口,必须指定配置文件。
QUOTE
adsl-start /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ppp0 adsl-start /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ppp1
4.添加路由表 缺省情况下,系统只有3个路由表,local、main、default,路由规则为所有进入的数据报都参照main、defaul来决策路由,这可以通过ip rule ls来查看。其输出如下:
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[root@linuxrouter root]# ip rule ls 0:?rom all lookup local 32766:?rom all lookup main 32767:?rom all lookup 253 [root@linuxrouter root]#
要实现策略路由,添加额外的路由表是必须的。 下面两条命令分别添加名为ppp0和ppp1的路由表。 echo 201 ppp0 >> /etc/iproutes/rt_tables echo 202 ppp1 >> /etc/iproutes/rt_tables 5.创建路由表项 上面创建的两个路由表都是空表,需要在其中注入路由表项。 本人编写了如下脚本用于注入路由表项:
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#!/bin/bash # Name: cprt # This program copy the route from $1 route table to $2 route table, # exclude the default route entry. if [ -z "$1" -o -z "$2" ]; then echo $"usage: cprt " exit 1 fi SOURCE=$1 DEST=$2 # Clear the destination route table echo $"Clearing route table $DEST ......" echo /sbin/ip route flush table $DEST # Inject routes from source to destination echo $"Injecting route from $SOURCE to $DEST ......" /sbin/ip route ls table $SOURCE | grep -v default > /tmp/route-tmp while read line; do /sbin/ip route add table $DEST $line done < "/tmp/route-tmp"
把main表中的路由表项复制到ppp0和ppp1中。 将下面命令加入到/etc/rc.d/rc.local中。 cprt main ppp0 cprt main ppp1 此时,两个路由表中都有相同的路由表项了,除了default路由以外。缺省路由的添加要通过另外的途径添加。当ppp激活,或者掉线时,pppd守护进 程会调用/etc/ppp/目录下的ip-up、ip-down脚本,这些教本又分别调用ip-up.local、ip-down.local。在此我们 利用这两个脚本来对路由表和流量控制策略进行维护,此脚本需要人工创建。 下面时本例中的脚本: /etc/ppp/ip-up.local
CODE
#!/bin/bash # Name: ip-up.local # Created by lyking@CU # If the if-down is not completed, this script can't be excute. while [ -e /var/lock/subsys/if-down.$IFNAME ]; do sleep 3 done # Creat a lock file to prevent the if-down from running on my turn touch /var/lock/subsys/if-up.$IFNAME # Determin device here # We should use IFNAME as the interface name.For some reason, the IFNAME maybe not # same as the LINKNAME. And the route table should associate with the IFNAME. For # some conveniency, I name the route table as "ppp0" and "ppp1". RT_TABLE=$IFNAME # Add or change static route here,including default route. # Check if a default is exist. RS="" ip route ls table $RT_TABLE | grep default RS=$? if [ $RS -eq 0 ]; then ip route change default dev $IFNAME table $RT_TABLE else ip route add default dev $IFNAME table $RT_TABLE fi echo >> /var/log/ifchang.log echo "$0: $IFNAME going up at `date`." >> /var/log/ifchang.log echo "$0: $IFNAME got address: $IPLOCAL, peer address is $IPREMOTE." >> /var/log/ifchang.log echo "$0: Table $RT_TABLE default route change to `ip route ls table $RT_TABLE | grep default`." >> /var/log/ifchang.log # Refresh routing cache to activating the routing immediately. ip route flush cache # Add traffic control policy here tc qdisc add dev $IFNAME root handle 1: prio ## This *instantly* creates classes 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 tc qdisc add dev $IFNAME parent 1:1 handle 10 sfq perturb 20 tc qdisc add dev $IFNAME parent 1:2 handle 20 sfq perturb 20 tc qdisc add dev $IFNAME parent 1:3 handle 30 sfq # Remove the lock file rm -f /var/lock/subsys/if-up.$IFNAME
/etc/ppp/ip-down.local
CODE
#!/bin/bash # Name: ip-down.local # Created by lyking@CU while [ -e /var/lock/subsys/if-up.$IFNAME ]; do sleep 3 done touch /var/lock/subsys/if-down.$IFNAME cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts . network-functions # Determin device here # We should use IFNAME as the interface name.For some reason, the IFNAME maybe not # same as the LINKNAME. And the route table should associate with the IFNAME. For # some conveniency, I name the route table as "ppp0" and "ppp1". RT_TABLE=$IFNAME # Looking for a valide connection to Internet DEFAULT_RT="" PPPS='ppp0 ppp1' for i in $PPPS; do ifconfig | grep $i RS=$? if [ $RS -eq 0 ]; then DEFAULT_RT=$i break fi done # Update default route here as nesessary if [ $DEFAULT_RT != $IFNAME ]; then if [ $DEFAULT_RT != "" ]; then ip route add default dev $DEFAULT_RT table $RT_TABLE else for i in $PPPS; do ip route del default dev $i table $i done echo >> /var/log/ifchang.log echo "$0: All connection is down, remove all default route from all branch tables" >> /var/log/ifchang.log fi echo >> /var/log/ifchang.log echo "$0: $IFNAME going down at `date`." >> /var/log/ifchang.log echo "$0: Connection lasted $CONNECT_TIME seconds." >> /var/log/ifchang.log echo "$0: $BYTES_SENT bytes sent, $BYTES_RCVD bytes received." >> /var/log/ifchang.log echo "$0: $DEFAULT_RT is available." >> /var/log/ifchang.log echo "$0: Table $RT_TABLE default route changed to `ip route ls table $RT_TABLE | grep default`. " >> /var/log/ifchang.log fi # Refresh routing cache to activating the routing immediately. ip route flush cache rm -f /var/lock/subsys/if-down.$IFNAME
注意,创建完脚本后必须将其属性改为可执行,否则不会被执行。 6.路由策略的选择 策略路由可以通过源地址、目标地址、ToS或者fwmark标记来进行选择。在此,为了利用iptables的强大的过滤功能采用fwmark标记来决策路由。 在/etc/rc.d/rc.local中添加如下命令: /sbin/ip rule add fwmark 1 table ppp0 /sbin/ip rule add fwmark 2 table ppp1 7.防火墙规则的添加 这里利用的iptables的强大过滤功能来对流量进行标记。本例中仅根据ip地址的奇偶性来拆分流量,根据具体需求,你还可以根据第4层端口号、ToS等来拆分流量。防火墙需要添加如下命令:
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# Divid traffic to different mark iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -s 10.0.0.0/255.255.255.1 -j MARK --set-mark 0x1 iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -s 10.0.0.1/255.255.255.1 -j MARK --set-mark 0x2 # NAT /sbin/iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ppp0 -j MASQUERADE /sbin/iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ppp1 -j MASQUERADE
至此,双adsl链路的热互备及负载分担基本完成。 下面是一些运行结果 A.ifconfig显示结果
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ppp0 Link encap:Point-to-Point Protocol inet addr:220.163.38.208 P-t-P:220.163.38.1 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1492 Metric:1 RX packets:100295 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:67817 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:3 RX bytes:108844271 (103.8 Mb) TX bytes:6073206 (5.7 Mb) ppp1 Link encap:Point-to-Point Protocol inet addr:220.163.36.57 P-t-P:220.163.36.1 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1492 Metric:1 RX packets:150583 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:125136 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:3 RX bytes:132921157 (126.7 Mb) TX bytes:8749585 (8.3 Mb) |
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